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The largest volcanic eruptions in the last decade |
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Written by Administrator
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Monday, 05 October 2009 |
 In the last decade of devastating volcanic eruptions occurred primarily on the islands off the east and south-eastern coast of Asia and Central America, including the Lesser Antilles. These explosions claimed over 1,500 victims, among them 80% died as a result of a volcanic eruption (Pinatubo), including 30% due to rain bombs and volcanic ash, 12% by lahars, the rest due to epidemic diseases. Cause of death of victims of other outbreaks were predominantly avalanches and clouds burning, and only 12% of rainfall .
In 1990, resumed operations in Java, one of the most dangerous volcanoes, Kelud, which in the past six centuries, consumed about 15 thousand. victims. The result was explosive eruption devastated an area 35 km2 at a distance of 2 4 km from the crater, the precipitation of volcanic ash and bombs killed 35 people (33) destroyed 1546 buildings, roads and bridges, about 25 thousand. hectares of arable land, about 6400 ha of forests, have caused serious injury to 43 persons.
The perpetrator of the greatest disaster the last decade was the Mount Pinatubo volcano, located on the Philippine island of Luzon. 500-year period of peace in 1991, experienced strong explosive eruptions, ash plume that ascended to a height of 40 km, led to the collapse of the top of the volcano and the formation of caldera depth of 600 m diameter of 2 km. Accompanied by earthquakes and torrential rains, at the same time there have been typhoons, which led to the launch lahars. Explosion, collapse the top of a volcano and rain cause of death was 364 people and 184 injuries, 143 people died as a result of lahars, and 700 died of epidemic diseases. In the area of 100 km2 were destroyed crops, roads, several villages and towns. Japan's Unzen volcano eruptions, resumed in 1990, reached its apogee in the following year. Of mixed eruptions caused bring up the dome of lava and clouds of burning to produce, avalanches and and lahars, suffered the death of 43 people, 9 people were injured, has burned 400 buildings, demolition of 137 8600 people were evacuated.
In 1993 there was an eruption of the volcano Mayon (Luzon Island, Philippines). The volcano threw the ashes in a height of 5 km, and avalanches and rainfall extending about 6 km from the crater, caused the deaths of 70 people and injured more than 100 Ash, lava flows and lahars destroyed roads and farmlands.
Merapi volcano, which in the eleventh century saw the destruction of highly developed civilization Javanese, and then a few more times induced a tragic disaster, exploded in 1994, the ashes were thrown to the height of 10 km. Precipitation covered areas within a distance of 45 km from the top of the volcano. As a result lahars, avalanches and clouds of fiery killed 64 people, 43 were seriously injured, destroyed several villages, burnt 500 hectares of forest. Over 6 thousand people. people were evacuated. Last of the biggest volcanic disaster occurred in 1997, then erupted for three years active Soufriere Hills volcano on the island of Montserrat (Lesser Antilles). The eruption of the volcano smashed a hole in the dome with a diameter of 200 m, through which burst on the amount of spray plume 10 km of lava. Precipitation of ashes covered the area of 4 km2. Lahars, run in part by a companion of the eruption earthquakes caused the death of 19 people and destroyed about 150 buildings.
Strong volcanic eruptions also occurred in sparsely populated areas of the Andes, Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka and Iceland. These eruptions have caused material losses and environmental damage caused by heavy rain of ash (Mount Hudson of Chile, 1991), lahars (Spurr, Alaska, 1992) or stroke water runoff (ryftu zone in eastern Iceland, 1996 r.).
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Last Updated ( Tuesday, 27 October 2009 )
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